cancer and kidney issues dogs

cancer and kidney issues dogs

What is kidney cancer?


 Kidney cancer is a type of cancer that affects the kidney and can either originate from the organ or metastasize (spread) from another part of the body. Kidney tumors are not common in dogs, although the majority of primary kidney tumors are cancerous. These generally affect middle-aged dogs or older dogs, but cases have been found in younger animals.

 Malignant kidney tumors can occur in one or both kidneys, either grow in the kidney or metastasize from other areas of the body. These tumors are not common in dogs, but require the kidney to be removed. Because kidney cancer can lead to acute kidney failure, early detection is crucial for a better prognosis. 


Symptoms of Kidney Cancer in Dogs

 Some dogs do not have symptoms of kidney cancer, although they may show signs as the disease progresses. These include:

  •  Increased thirst
  • Frequent urination 
  • Blood in the urine 

If the kidneys start to fail, the dog may develop additional symptoms such as:

  •  loss of appetite
  • vomiting 
  • weakness
  •  depression
  •  dental disease


Causes of Kidney Cancer in Dogs


 As with other cancers, little is known about the causes of kidney cancer in dogs. Cancer is most common in middle-aged to older animals and can develop in the kidney itself or spread from other organs. Dogs of both sexes are equally susceptible to kidney cancer, although this type of cancer is generally rare. There is no correlation between cancer and breed, except in the German Shepherd Dog, which is predisposed to renal cystadenocarcinoma syndrome. 

Diagnosing kidney cancer in dogs


 If your dog shows unusual behavior, contact the veterinarian immediately. Many symptoms of kidney cancer are not specific to the disease, so a thorough vet examination is essential for an accurate diagnosis. 

During the first visit, blood tests and urine tests are usually done to determine the dog's ability to tolerate treatment and to get a clearer picture of the patient's general health. The vet can choose to have needle aspiration or tumor biopsy if kidney cancer is diagnosed. To determine the extent of the cancer, a thorough assessment can be performed, which may include:

  1.  X-ray or chest X-rays 
  2. Abdominal ultrasound 
  3. Complete blood cell profile 
  4. Advanced imaging, e.g. B. CT or MRI 

These tests help determine the size of the tumor and determine the presence of metastases in other regions of the body. Depending on the results, further tests may be necessary to ensure that the other organs are healthy. The veterinarian can also perform functional tests on the unaffected kidney.

Treatment of kidney cancer in dogs 


Treatment varies depending on several factors, all of which have been determined at the diagnostic stage. 


Surgical

 nephrectomy or surgical removal of the affected kidney is the recommended treatment for most kidney cancers that have not spread to other parts of the body. Surgery only makes sense if the second kidney is working properly and your dog is strong enough to withstand the surgery. Your dog can live a normal kidney life, and surgery can completely remove the cancer depending on the size of the tumor. Metastases or recurrences may still be possible months after the nephrectomy. 

Chemotherapy

 If the cancer affects both kidneys or is metastatic to other parts of the body, making nephrectomy impractical, chemotherapy can be used to fight the spread of tumors and prolong your dog's life. Your veterinarian can administer an effective combination of medicines, which will limit the spread of cancer to other organs. However, there is little evidence to demonstrate the effectiveness of chemotherapy against most primary kidney tumors.

 Supportive 

kidneys remove waste products from the blood. If the organ breaks down or is underutilized, toxins accumulate in the body and must be eliminated in another way. IV fluids help remove these toxins. Depending on how quickly the cancer has spread, additional care may be recommended to relieve pain, moisturize, and treat anemia.

 Canine Cancer Recovery in Dogs


 If your dog has had a successful surgery and the affected kidney has been removed, your veterinarian will give follow-up instructions. Pain relievers make your dog feel good during recovery, and antibiotics prevent infections. Administer all medication as directed by your veterinarian and limit physical activity for the next two to three weeks to ensure that the surgical site heals properly. General blood tests and ultrasound or X-rays can be recommended as a follow-up to monitor metastatic diseases. A combination of home and veterinary care is important regardless of whether the nephrectomy was performed or not. Although the prognosis for most malignant kidney tumors is poor, especially for those that affect both kidneys, you can use your veterinarian to maintain your dog's quality of life for the remaining months.

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